The Basics of Computer Hardware

The Basics of Computer Hardware

Computer hardware is the tangible and visible components that make up a computer system. It consists of the central processing unit (CPU), memory modules, hard drive, motherboard, graphics card, sound card and external devices such as a monitor, mouse and keyboard. Hardware is distinct from software, which refers to the applications and data that run on a computer system. Together, hardware and software form a usable computing system, although systems exist that only have one or the other.

Computer Hardware Basics

The most fundamental part of computer hardware is the processor. This microprocessor, also known as a central processing unit or CPU, is the brain of the computer. It performs arithmetic, logical and input/output operations on data that is stored in memory. It also controls the communication between hardware and peripheral devices such as the display monitor, printer, scanner and keyboard.

Hardware is made of many electronic circuits that can be in two states, or “on” and “off.” When a circuit is on, it is carrying out a specific task, such as calculating a number or retrieving a piece of information from storage. Computers use a combination of these circuits to store information in memory, which is organized into collections called files or folders. These collections are then used to perform different tasks such as word processing, email, composing and sending a text message or playing a video game.

Another essential component of computer hardware is the random access memory, or RAM. This is where the operating system and application software are stored on your computer. When you turn on your computer, the operating system and software are loaded from RAM. The hardware then reads the instructions from the operating system and executes them. The speed of this process is dependent on the type of RAM and the motherboard, as well as the amount of memory that is installed on the computer.

Persistent storage is another important part of computer hardware, which includes hard disk drives and solid state drives. This technology allows the computer to keep and retrieve data even after the system is turned off. This enables the computer to maintain its function and allow access to saved documents, programs, pictures and videos.

The rapid pace of technological advancements can often mean that older hardware is no longer compatible with newer software and applications. This can lead to a significant decrease in productivity and efficiency for a company. At Outsource IT, we offer a Hardware-as-a-Service model that can help businesses eliminate these issues and improve their workflow. To learn more about this innovative solution, contact an Outsource IT account manager today. We’ll be happy to answer any questions you may have about our hardware offerings.